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| Thirty years ago, children's TV changed forever with the arrival
of hard-hitting school drama series, Grange Hill. It spawned many
similar hard-hitting teen dramas in its wake but has now outlasted
them all. Even so, it seems hard to believe that Grange Hill broke
the mould when it launched. But how did Britain's favourite school
come into being? PHIL REDMOND - THE MAN WHO CHANGED CHILDREN'S TV  Soap
supremo Phil Redmond is the brainchild behind the show. In the mid-seventies
Phil, then a comedy writer for ITV company ATV, felt that children's
TV was too safe and didn't tackle the issues affecting young people.
"We wanted to get away from Enid Blyton", he said. So in
1976 he came up with an idea for a docu-drama set in a comprehensive
school. Phil took it to all 15 ITV companies but they rejected
the idea.But as luck would have it, the BBC were looking for
a series about school life and Phil's idea was perfect for them. So
they got together and a series was commissioned. The name of this
series? Grange Hill. And a legend was born. Originally it was
to have been called "Grange Park" but the name was changed
because there were several schools by that name in London.Phil Redmond wanted his series to be set in his native Liverpool, but the BBC were in London so that is where it was made. Phil tried to keep anything out of the series that would directly identify it with London (or any specific location). But the dialect of the young stars and the occasional sightings of a London red bus meant this couldn't always be achieved. Director Colin Cant worried that children wouldn't be interested in a drama series about school. Even the cast thought they were on a hiding to nothing, but how wrong they were... FLIPPIN' ECK TUCKER... The first episode of Grange Hill was broadcast on Wednesday 8th February 1978, and the young audience loved it. Tucker Jenkins, aka Todd Carty, became the first heart-throb who wasn't a pop star. Stories of bullying, playground hi-jinks, homework and uniform rebellion were watched by over 9 million children at its peak. "He's a nut job","Flippin' Eck Tucker!" were national catchphrases. Every week BBC received sackloads of letters from youngsters wanting to appear in Grange Hill. It still does!  But
parents were positively shocked and the BBC was inundated with
complaints. A branch of the Womens' Institute in Somerset called for
Grange Hill to be banned. Several celebrities banned their children
from watching, including newsreader Anna Ford. But looking
back, that first series seems pretty tame.Some of the cast were even
withdrawn by their parents because they didn't want their children
associated with Grange Hill.It wasn't until Series 2, and a change to a twice-weekly format, that Phil Redmond fulfilled his desire to make Grange Hill an issue-led show. This was what the young audience wanted; to the parents Grange Hill was a bad influence. The canteen desktop protest caused particular fury and even led to a debate in Parliament. The British Film Institute's encyclopedia of children's television, The Hill And Beyond, reports that Phil Redmond "agreed" future series would be toned down - or there would be no further series.Other issues covered in the series, such as dyslexia, were praised. As the late 80s moved into the 1990s, society was more liberal and therefore less shockable. But Grange Hill maintained its notoriety, uncovering more taboo subjects. Find out more about the stories that shocked in I DON'T BELIEVE IT!
 ALWAYS
ON THE MOVE...For the first two series, exterior scenes were filmed at Kingsbury High School in north London. So popular was Grange Hill that crowds of screaming fans disrupted filming, forcing the show to move first to Willesden High from Series 3, then to Fulham Preparatory School, Greyhound Road, Hammersmith. Eventually production moved to Elstree centre in Hertfordshire, the old ATV studios which the BBC purchased in 1983. On screen the move to Elstree was phased in over two years, with an elaborate storyline of Grange Hill merging with rivals Rodney Bennett and Brookdale. The current Grange Hill school is the old Rodney Bennett building. In 1982 Tucker Jenkins was written out of Grange Hill, much to the disappointment of his legions of fans. But Tucker, Alan and Tommy Watson remained on screen for a further three years, in their own show Tucker's Luck, Grange Hill's only spin-off to date. Grange Hill reached the height of its popularity in the mid 1980s. Ben Elton parodied the show in an episode of "The Young Ones" and in 1986 Grange Hill The Album - featuring specially written songs and covers performed by the cast - hit the shops.  JUST
SAY NO! REMAINS SYNONYMOUSWithout doubt Grange Hill's most controversial storyline was that of Zammo's heroin addiction in 1986. When plans for a "junkie" character were first announced there was tabloid outrage. But Zammo's plight did much to raise awareness of drug-related issues. The cast released a single, "Just Say No", in April 1986 and it peaked at No. 5 in the charts, raising over £103,000 for the Standing Conference on Drug Abuse (SCODA). The Grange Hill cast went on an anti-drugs tour across the country and Lee MacDonald, who played Zammo, found himself particularly in demand. But the icing on the cake was an invitation to the White House by America's First Lady, Nancy Reagan, in May 1986. Mrs Reagan was involved in the American "Just Say No" project and had heard about Grange Hill's campaign. So the cast and crew jetted off to Washington, along with producer Ronald Smedley. Sadly the credibility of "Just Say No!" has been tarnished in recent years. Erkan Mustafa, who played Roland Browning, claimed the cast were on drugs themselves; this was confirmed by castmate Mmloki Chrystie in a 2005 Grange Hill reunion special. Drugs would feature in less high-profile storylines. 1995 saw Anna Wright selling them for her brother Gordon and four years later, Sarah-Jane Webster found herself addicted to temazepam. INTO THE 90s - AND STIFF COMPETITION As the 1980s made way for the nineties, Grange Hill welcomed a new generation. Gone were favourites like Zammo and Mr Bronson and in their place Jacko, Mr Hankin, Justine, Arnie and Jessica. But the new kids would find it harder winning viewers. Until 1989, Grange Hill was the only children's issue based drama. In February that year, ITV launched Phoenix Hall, an issue-led drama set in a boarding school. The more successful Children's Ward first aired in March, launching the careers of many future soap stars. Children's Ward ended in 2000 to be replaced by 24:Seven, an updated take on Phoenix Hall. Grange Hill's most formidable rival came in the form of Byker Grove, the Newcastle youth club series first shown on the BBC in September 1989. Byker Grove continued to operate in tandem with Grange Hill. Nevertheless, Grange Hill ploughed on with a popular following. More action took place outside school, with as much emphasis on the teachers, but the school remained the star. The issues continued and in another first, Grange Hill brought teenage pregnancy to our screens in 1992 when Chrissy Mainwaring found herself a schoolgirl mum. In 1995 a poignant study of AIDS resulted from the death of Lucy Mitchell's mother, and Mr Brisley became Grange Hill's first gay teacher and had to cope with homophobia from the school's less well-informed pupils. Some commentators complained Grange Hill pandered to political correctness by introducing disabled characters Denny and Rachel Burns (a cerebral palsy sufferer). In fact, such inclusiveness was becoming the norm in schools across the UK. Also more common was knife culture, emotively tackled by Grange Hill with the knifing of Judi Jeffreys in 1998.
 NEW
MILLENNIUM...NEW GRANGE HILLGrange Hill now pulls in just a third of the viewers it had in the 1980s, this may seem like a drastic decline but this is very good in today's multi-channel age. Under new producer Jo Ward, Grange Hill served up its hardest lessons with rape, bereavement and alcoholism. By now Phil Redmond's involvement with the show was limited to one meeting a year with the production crew. In 2002, Phil Redmond's company Mersey TV took over production. Filming moved to Liverpool and once again Phil was the show's executive producer. A new generation is enjoying Grange Hill, Togger Johnson (Chris Perry-Metcalf) is the show's most successful heart-throb in years while hard-hitting storylines such as mental illness have seen a resurgance in popularity for TV's best know school. HAPPY BIRTHDAY - IS IT? Grange Hill is now celebrating its 30th anniversary. But in 2007, and for the first time in Grange Hill's history, the new series was kept exclusive to the digital CBBC Channel. At the time, head of CBBC Richard Deverell defended his decision, insisting that "scheduling exclusively on CBBC helps us to ensure that the programme focuses on that 6-12 year old audience and is meeting their needs and interests." On Grange Hill's older fan base, Mr Deverell said "I'm sure these devoted followers will seek Grange Hill out wherever it is (including on the new BBC iPlayer)." A change in CBBC broadcast policy - which means programmes for 13-16 year olds can no longer be broadcast in CBBC's afternoon slots on BBC1, means the 31st series of Grange Hill will be aimed at a much younger audience and include fantasy sequences and lighter storylines. Phil Redmond has blasted CBBC's decision, even going as far as to tell The Observer newspaper he feels that if Grange Hill can no longer cater for a teenage audience, it has served its purpose. DECLINE AND FALL Series 31 was expected to air in February 2008. But just two days ahead of Grange Hill's official birthday, on Wednesday 06 February 2008, came the official announcement that Grange Hill was being axed after 30 years. The final series will air in the summer. Even so, with the axing in May 2006 of Byker Grove after its 18th series, Grange Hill officially outlasted all its opposition. In 2006 the BBC and Lime Pictures had announced an extensive series of celebrations then including a possible cast reunion, special programmes for BBC2, retrospectives on daytime shows such as This Morning and maybe even re-runs of classic episodes. However, in view of recent developments it remains to be seen whether the party will now go ahead.
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